Respiration cellulaire & Mitochondrie

A lack of sodium slows metabolism, lowers carbon dioxide production, and creates inflammation, stress and degeneration. Rephrasing it, sodium stimulates energy metabolism, increases carbon dioxide production, and protects against inflammation and other maladaptive stress reactions.

When there is adequate sodium in the extracellular fluid, the continuous inward movement of sodium ions into the resting cell activates an enzyme, sodium-potassium ATPase, causing ATP to break down into ADP and phosphate, which stimulates the consumption of fuel and oxygen to maintain an adequate level of ATP. Increasing the concentration of sodium increases the energy consumption and carbon dioxide production of the cell. The sodium, by increasing carbon dioxide production, protects against the excitatory, toxic effects of the intracellular calcium.

Other protective effects of increased sodium are that it improves immunity (Junger, et al., 1994), reduces vascular leakiness, and alleviates inflammation (Cara, et al., 1988). All of these effects would tend to protect against the degenerative diseases, including tumors, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. The RAA system appears to be crucially involved in all kinds of sickness and degeneration, but the protective effects of sodium are more basic than just helping to prevent activation of that system.

Now that inflammation is recognized as having a central role in the degenerative diseases, the fact that renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone all contribute to inflammation and are increased by a sodium deficiency, should arouse interest in exploring the therapeutic uses of sodium supplementation, and the integrated use of all of the factors that normally support respiratory energy production, especially thyroid and progesterone.

Luc a écrit:Vas pas trop vite:
Je suis en train de faire une recherche sur les meilleurs combinaisons possibles pour stimuler et régénérer les mitochondries du cerveau (neuro-dégénération due à une insuffisance des mitochondries). ça va t'intéresser...
Phase 1 terminée. Je fais le tri puis je mets en forme. On parle de "leaky mitochondria"
il y a un dysfonctionnement de la mitochondrie au niveau des mécanismes de réparation, de la neutralisation des ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) et des transporteurs.
C'est aussi à ce niveau qu'il y a un problème pour la fibro, la SFC, la MS et d'autres pathologies neuro-dégénératives. Pas la même source, mais la même manière à l'arrivée

On combinera:

CoQ10 acide lipoïque L-carnitine et  les phospholipides GPC et PD (en préparation pharma spéciale)
Si tu es pressée:
LRT (Lipid Replacement Therapy)
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]  
Lipid Replacement Therapy: A natural medicine approach to replacing damaged lipids in cellular membranes and organelles and restoring function. Garth L. Nicolson et al. 2013

Understanding Glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) - The new choline that enhances cognition and stimulates membrane repair.

 http://www.smart-publications.com/articles/gpc-the-new-choline-that-enhances-your-mental-function-now-
 (copie le lien dans le moteur de recherche car il n'aboutit pas, sauf si copié / collé dans Word).
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]  
Neurodegeneration from mitochondrial insufficiency.

At the very heart of it chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by impaired mitochondria function. These cellular powerhouses function to create energy for the cell in the form of ATP. Many note that in CFS chronic oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and loss (1). A vicious cycle is created in which free radicals overwhelm the delicate mitochondrial membrane producing even more highly reactive free radicals.

Electrons leak out of membranes disrupting the electrochemical gradient necessary to form ATP — a phenomenon called “leaky mitochondria.” Leaky mitochondrial membranes promote progressive functional loss linked to a number of chronic illnesses (2). Repair mechanisms such as antioxidant enzymes and transporters are hindered, leaving dilapidated machinery unable to meet the body’s energy demands (3).
Several studies in CFS and fibromyalgia show evidence of increased markers of free radical damage; including DNA oxidation and lipid oxidation (1). These markers are measured through blood or as urine organic acid metabolites. Excessive nitric oxide is also observed indicating changes in cytokines as the cycle of free radical damage ensues (1).
Microbial byproducts generated from dysbiosis may also damage the mitochondria. Excessive hydrogen sulfide produced from microbe overgrowth in the small intestine (SIBO) can damage mitochondrial complexes in a dose-dependent manner similar to the action of cyanide (2).


Supplementation with mitochondrial supports are widely utilized by CFS and FM patients. Critical nutrients like alpha-lipoic acid, co-enzyme Q10, NADH, and L-carnitine are well documented as efficacious for mitochondrial health and energy production (4). Individual research surrounding these nutrients has its drawbacks, however. One may presume that these interventions work best together and may not have substantial effects in isolation.

Nutrients Used For Mitochondrial Support:
Vitamins : Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, vitamin C
Minerals: Magnesium, calcium, zinc, copper
Metabolites: Creatine
Herbs: Curcumin
Cofactors: CoQ10, alpha-lipoic acid, NADH
Transporters: L-carnitine, phospholipids GPC and PD (glycerophosphocholine & phosphatidylserine)
Antioxidants: CoQ10, acetyl-glutathione, lipoic acid

The brain utilizes oxygen for ATP production more than any other body tissue. As a result, free radical production is abundant in the brain. This is further complicated by the fact that neural tissue is rich in polyunsaturated fats which are easily oxidized promoting free radical damage. Brain mitochondria house inferior antioxidant defenses compared to the greater cell, with neural mitochondrial damage 10-100 times more likely than nuclear DNA (3). Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, dementia, and ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) are now believed to stem from mitochondrial damage of neural tissues.

Neuro-inflammation was recently documented in a study using advanced imaging techniques in ME/CFS patients. A substantial difference in an inflammatory marker produced by astrocytes and microglia was found to be 45%–199% higher in ME/CFS patients than in healthy controls (6). Those with the greatest neuro-inflammation also experienced the worst cognitive symptoms. This small study further suggests that mitochondrial damage of neural tissue perpetuates the illness.
Neuro-inflammation was recently documented in a study using advanced imaging techniques in ME/CFS patients. A substantial difference in an inflammatory marker produced by astrocytes and microglia was found to be 45%–199% higher in ME/CFS patients than in healthy controls (6). Those with the greatest neuro-inflammation also experienced the worst cognitive symptoms. This small study further suggests that mitochondrial damage of neural tissue perpetuates the illness.
New research in the field of neuroplasticity tells us that neural tissue is dynamic and able to repair from oxidative damage. Brain-derived growth factors and neural stem cells can be stimulated by certain nutrients to help repair damaged neuronal mitochondria and cell membranes. Curcumin, L-carnitine, and glycerophosphocholine (GP) studies show these three nutrients can stimulate neuroplasticity via growth factor promotion (6). The lipid phosphatidylserine (PS) is directly linked to mitochondrial support as it is the precursor to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), the most abundant lipid of the mitochondrial membrane.

Earlier this year I had the pleasure of hearing Dr. Garth Nicolson present new research in the arena of mitochondrial health. His team developed a mitochondrial membrane phospholipid combining antioxidants and lipid transporters. This combined lipid replacement therapy (LRT) taken orally replaces damaged membrane phospholipids with undamaged lipids, ensuring proper function of cellular and mitochondrial membranes (4). To be effective, LRT must deliver high concentrations of undamaged membrane lipids to reverse damage and restore function of oxidized cellular membranes. Special formulations are required for these lipids to survive ingestion and the digestive processes.

His team redeveloped the supplement NT Factor and studied its effects in several clinical trials. In a 12 week cross-over study in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, supplementation resulted in a 35.5% reduction in fatigue and 26.8% increase in mitochondrial function. After a 12-week washout period (supplement discontinued), fatigue increased and mitochondrial function decreased toward control levels (4).
Similar improvements were found in a cohort of patients with unspecified fatigue. A two-month trial of 58 patients with various non-specified fatigue conditions (including CFS, FM, cancer, GWI, autoimmune disease) were supplemented with ATP Fuel, a combined lipid replacement and antioxidant product. After 8 weeks, 30% experienced reduced fatigue and 28% experienced improved cognition (5).

My Experience Using LRT (Lipid Replacement Therapy)
Impressed with Nicolson’s results, I naturally tried LRT for myself. A single dose of NT Factor (Allergy Research Group) provided me a sustained boost in energy and mental clarity. A similar effect was had using ATP Fuel (Researched Nutritionals), with the need to lower the dose as energy was a little too much. On a regular basis I utilize glycerophosphocholine and phosphatidylserine (Brain Vitale, Designs for Health) for mental clarity. Collectively these nutrients have erased my brain fog, severe memory deficits, and aphasia (difficulty finding words).
When used in conjunction with other effective CFS/FM therapies, LRT is a valuable addition to improve clinical outcomes. Undoing the vicious cycle of free radical damage and inflammatory cytokines through diet and intermittent fasting can slow mitochondrial decline. Taken together, periodic LRT can effectively restore damaged cellular membranes and promote energy production.

Mirzoune a écrit:

Je prends le temps de comprendre... Mais, en attendant, je suis à fond sur les lipides (encore et encore les lipides... à croire que c'est la clé pour pas mal de choses), les vitamines du groupe B (dont choline) et bien sûr le cru dont les graines germées...

Mirzoune a écrit:OK, j'essaie de simplifier, essentiellement pour éviter de me poser trop de questions au moment de préparer le repas: l'idée est de privilégier les aliments le moins transformés possibles, donc le moins possible de cuisson et donc d'aides culinaires ajoutés... par exemple, une assiette composée de différents aliments et juste arrosés d'une cuillère d'huile d'olive. Tu valides?

sumerien a écrit:Pourquoi 10g d'AGPI, pourquoi pas 5g ou 15g ? Comment détermine-t-on cette valeur ?

Luc a écrit:

sumerien a écrit:Pourquoi 10g d'AGPI, pourquoi pas 5g ou 15g ? Comment détermine-t-on cette valeur ?

Dis Tonton, Pourquoi tu tousses ?
:twisted:

sumerien a écrit:Du coup, on ne devrait jamais prendre d'huile colza en assaisonnement ?

Mirzoune a écrit:

sumerien a écrit:Du coup, on ne devrait jamais prendre d'huile colza en assaisonnement ?

Ben merde, alors! Moi qui croyait bien faire...

Luc a écrit:
Si vous voulez une récap de la compo des huiles, j'ai ça en stock.
On peut ouvrir un post si vous avez besoin de le voir écrit noir sur blanc  

Luc a écrit:

Mirzoune a écrit:

sumerien a écrit:Du coup, on ne devrait jamais prendre d'huile colza en assaisonnement ?

Ben merde, alors! Moi qui croyait bien faire...

Je mettrais une càs d'huile d'olive et une càc de graines de chia sur mes salades.
Vous pouvez bien sûr vous passer d'huile et ne mettre qu'un 1/4 de lime.